Quality Assurance
The record every taught course keeps, and what it is checked against.
A course file is the complete record of one course in one semester: the description and intended outcomes, the teaching plan actually followed, the assessment instruments used, a sample of marked student work across the grade range, the results, and the teacher's own reflection on what to change.
It is submitted at the end of the semester and reviewed by the department and the quality office. The point is not the paperwork — it is that a course can be examined after the fact by someone who was not in the room, which is what makes a claim about standards checkable.